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The Chieftains
Recording
Artists
The original traditional Irish folk band, as far as anyone
who came of age in the 1970s or 1980s is concerned, is The
Chieftains. Their sound, built largely on Paddy Moloney's
pipes, is otherworldly, almost entirely instrumental, and
seems as though it comes out of another age of man's history.
That they became an international phenomenon in the '70s and
'80s is testament to their virtuoso musicianship.
The Chieftains were first formed in Dublin during
1963, as a semi-professional outfit, from the ranks of the
top folk musicians in Ireland. Until that time, and for some
years after, the world's (and even Ireland's) perception of
Irish folksongs was rooted in either the good-natured boisterousness
and topicality of acts such as The Irish Rovers or The Clancy
Brothers and Tommy Makem, or the sentimentality of Mary O'Hara.
That began to change in Ireland with the advent of Ceoltoiri
Cualann, a group formed from the ranks of the best traditional
Irish musicians by an RTE field technician, jazzman, and composer
named Sean O'Riada, who hailed from County Cork. Ceoltoiri
Cualann which specialized in instrumental music, stripped
away the pop music inflections from Irish music.
Paddy Moloney came out of Ceoltoiri
Cualann to found The Chieftains in 1963, seeking to carry
this work several steps further. The earliest recorded incarnation
of the group consisted of Moloney (pipes), Sean Potts (tin
whistle), Martin Fay (fiddle), David Fallon (bodhran), Mick
Tubridy (flute, concertina), and Sean O'Riada. They were a
success virtually from the beginning. Their music weaving
a spell around audiences in Ireland and later in England,
where they quickly became popular as both a performing and
recording act.
The 1970s saw the group break big in America.
A new, younger generation of  Irish-American
listeners who enjoyed folk music and whose cultural and musical
tastes weren't limited to songs about "the troubles"
(i.e. England), had already begun discovering the Chieftains'
music in the early/mid-'70s. By that time, the group had elected
to go professional, and to expand its line-up. O'Riada and
Fallon left after the first album, and Peader Mercier (bodhran)
and Sean Keane (fiddle) joined with the second. Following
the recording of Chieftains 4, they'd added Ronnie McShane
(percussion) and Derek Bell (harp, oboe, timpan), a classically-trained
musician. Bell's harp lent the group's sound a final degree
of elegance and piquancy.
The group's big breakthrough in America, however,
occurred when they provided the music for Stanley Kubrick's
1975 movie Barry Lyndon. The film itself wasn't a hit,
but the Chieftains were, especially one track called "Women
of Ireland," which began getting played heavily on FM
progressive rock stations, and even managed to get onto the
playlists of some Top 40 stations. Suddenly, the Chieftains
were hot in America.
Ever since the dawn of the CD era, their music
has been available on compact disc from the Shanachie Records,
while their more recent work has shown up on the BMG label,
on both compact disc and home video. The latter have included
a Christmas concert and a mixed ensemble performance interweaving
the group with orchestras, American folk and country musicians,
and rock musicians, and an album (Irish Heartbeat, 1988) recorded
with Van Morrison. Additionally, the group has been engaged
steadily for film work into the 1990s.
The band recorded in Nashville,
incorporating country sounds with Irish. Two albums grew out
of these collaborations: Down the Old Plank Road and
Further Down the Old Plank Road. Other collaborators
over the years have included rockers Sinead O'Connor, Roger
Daltry, Sting. Bonnie Raitt, and Natalie Merchant, as well
as folk musicians Joni Mitchell, Loreena McKennitt, and Mary
Chapin Carpenter.
In recent years, the band has
been changed more by attrition than addition. The death of
Derek Bell followed on the heels of the retirement of Martin
Fay. The last additions to the band were Kevin Conneff on
vocals and bodhran in 1976, and Bothy Band flute player Matt
Malloy in 1979, with the lineup rounded out with Paddy Moloney
and Sean Keane. Instead, the Chieftains brought along dancers
and musicians on tour that added to the mix as individual
players, rather than joining the group. These included dancer
Michael Flatley, Cape Breton fiddler Ashley MacIsaac, American
fiddler Eileen Ivers, and American folk singer Nanci Griffith.
With over thirty-six albums
to their credit, the band is no where near finding an end
to push the expanse of Irish music. Rather, they try to find
more and different ways to make the music more inclusive,
rather than exclusive.
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